Carmona served from 1967 to 1974, primarily as a weapons specialist and a combat medic who treated gunshot wounds and delivered babies. His wartime valor earned him two Purple Hearts and two Bronze Stars.
When Carmona decided that he wanted to go to college, he submitted one application after another — all rejected. His GED and military experience weren't enough.
Congressman Jeff Flake, running for the Senate as a Tea Party Republican, refused comment for this story.
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He finally was accepted to Bronx Community College during an open enrollment for military veterans. He changed his military status to reservist and enrolled in college courses, taking advantage of the GI Bill.
The federal program that provides tuition payments and other financial assistance to veterans "was my DREAM Act; it's what gave me the opportunity to become the first in my family to go to college," he wrote in a column posted on Univision's website. "I never have forgotten my heritage or where I came from. And that's why I feel so strongly about providing education and opportunities to our kids."
Carmona earned an associate of arts degree in 1973 and continued his education at California State University-Long Beach. He earned his medical degree from the University of California-San Francisco in 1979, where he completed his surgical residency.
He moved to Arizona in 1985 to help establish Tucson Medical Center's first trauma unit. He was director of trauma services until 1993 and spent a year as CEO and medical director of the Kino Community Hospital in Tucson. After that, he was promoted to head the Pima County Health Department.
Taking an incongruous turn, Carmona joined the Pima County Sheriff's Department in 1986, working under Clarence Dupnik, a rare liberal among Arizona sheriffs.
The two had met at a fundraising dinner for the Tucson Medical Center. Just before he got the job, Carmona had been tapped to be medical director for the Arizona Department of Public Safety. But he decided that he wanted a more hands-on job in law enforcement.
From the time he started until 2002, he always worked part time as a deputy, a chief deputy, "department surgeon," and leader of the SWAT unit. He remains listed as department surgeon and deputy sheriff, even though they technically are ceremonial posts since he has no time for the PCSD now that he's running for the Senate.
Dupnik expresses the utmost respect for Carmona: "I've never seen anyone who has the kind of energy and stamina that he has. He makes quick decisions, and they're always right."
But Carmona has his detractors. Complaints against him bubbled up after President Bush nominated him to be surgeon general and the Senate prepared to conduct confirmation hearings.
"A larger-than-life personality, [Carmona] has left in his wake many bruised egos and hard feelings. His critics point out that he has benefited at many turns in his life from rules being bent in his favor. He got into medical school without a college degree . . . He ran a trauma unit for eight years even though he hadn't passed . . . board exams," the Los Angeles Times reported in 2002.
There's some truth to this.
The American Surgical Board exams he didn't pass until his third try are voluntary to obtain board certification; it's legal to practice medicine and perform surgery without them. As for his college degree, on the eve of graduation — after he already had been accepted into medical school — Carmona learned he was short a couple of general-studies courses, including one in history. He was ready to postpone medical school to complete his degree at Cal State, but UC-San Francisco officials told him to transfer to the university's medical school and it would award him his bachelor's degree after he completed his first year.
An old clash between Carmona and a former female boss also surfaced. The 2007 complaint about alleged incidents when he was surgeon general was filed by Cristina Beato, a top official in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. She claimed that he screamed at her and twice pounded on the front door of her home in the middle of the night in a rage over workplace disagreements.
Flake's trying to resurrect the claim in a campaign ad featuring a somber Beato broadly accusing Carmona of having issues with "anger, ethics, and women" and declaring he should "never, ever" be in the U.S. Senate.
Carmona says the incidents never happened. He also notes that she was denied Senate confirmation in 2004 as assistant secretary for the HHS because she "fabricated her résumé."
In the 30-second commercial, which also airs in Spanish, Beato says she "feared for her kids and for herself" — yet she never filed a police report or a formal complaint against Carmona.
Medical colleagues, including former University of Arizona surgery professor Charles W. Putnam, raised questions about Carmona's clashing occupations — medical doctor and gun-toting sheriff's deputy — especially since Carmona once killed a suspect.
According to various reports in Tucson newspapers, in September 1999, Carmona was off-duty as a sheriff's deputy and on his way to a University of Arizona football game, where he was scheduled to be physician on duty in case of on-field injuries. He came upon a traffic accident at a Tucson intersection and stopped to help. Onlookers warned the approaching Carmona that the man who had caused the accident was armed. The articles state that Carmona returned to his car, called for backup, and grabbed his service handgun.